Resumen:
El objetivo de la investigación fue evaluar el efecto de insecticidas en el control de insectos plaga en el cultivo de caupí (Vigna unguiculata L.) en la ESPAM MFL. El experimento se desarrolló en el área convencional de la carrera de agrícola, localizada en el sitio El Limón perteneciente al Cantón Bolívar, Manabí. Se utilizó un diseño de bloques completos al azar (DBCA) unifactorial (a+1), con cuatro replicas, con un total de 24 unidades experimentales. Los tratamientos evaluados fueron T1: Imidacloprid (15dds), Spinetoram (30 dds), Imidacloprid (45 dds); T2: Thiametoxam (15dds), Spinetoram (30 dds), Thiametoxam (45dds); T3: Lamdacihalotrina (15 dds), Spinetoram (30 dds), Lamdacihalotrina (45 dds); T4: Imidacloprid (15dds), Lamdacihalotrina (30 dds), Imidacloprid (45 dds); T5: Thiametoxam (15dds), Lamdacihalotrina (30 dds), Thiametoxam (45dds); y T6: tratamiento control. Los tratamientos T2 y T5 mostraron la menor incidencia de Empoasca spp., y la mayor eficiencia en la reducción de insectos; el tratamiento T2 registró los promedios más altos en la mayoría de variables productivas evaluadas, con una diferencia del 33% del rendimiento respecto a cuándo no se aplicaron insecticidas; de igual manera, generó el mayor beneficio neto y la mejor tasa de retorno marginal
Descripción:
The objective of the research was to evaluate the effect of insecticides on the control of insect pests on a cowpea crop (Vigna unguiculata L.) at ESPAM MFL. The experiment was performed on the conventional field in the Agricultural Engineering Department of ESPAM-MFL, located in El Limón, Bolívar, Manabí. A single-factorial (a+1), randomized complete block design (a+1) was used, with four replicates, with a total of 24 experimental units. The treatments evaluated were T1: Imidacloprid (15dds), Spinetoram (30 dds), Imidacloprid (45 dds, T2: Thiamethoxam (15dds), Spinetoram (30 dds), Thiamethoxam (45dds T3: Lamdacihalothrin (15 dds), Spinetoram (30 dds), Lamdacihalothrin (45 dds), T4: Imidacloprid (15dds), Lamdacihalothrin (30 dds), Imidacloprid (45 dds), T5: Thiametoxam (15dds), Lamdacihalothrin (30 dds), Thiametoxam (45dds) and T6: control treatment. The analysis of variance showed that treatments T2 and T5 showed the lowest incidence of Empoasca spp., and they were also the treatments with the highest efficiency for insect reduction; treatment T2 registered the highest averages in most of the productive variables evaluated, with a 33% difference in yield compared to when no insecticides were applied; it also generated the highest net profit and the best marginal rate of return
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